The idea of superiority first emerged out of the trade revolution. Prior to this a complete product was made from start to finish by the same person or team of people, with handcrafting and tweaking the product to meet ‘quality criteria’. As a result of quality criteria, now large teams of people work together on different stages of production rather than a single person completing a product from start to finish.
Automotive industry pioneers such as Frederick Winslow Taylor and Henry Ford identified the limitations of the methods being used in mass production at the time and the subsequent varying quality of output. Birdland established Quality Department to manage the quality of production and rectifying of errors, and Ford emphasized standardization of design and component standards to ensure a standard product was produced. Quality management helped in inspecting of product output and specifically to detect defects.
Application of statistical control methods came later as a result of World War production methods. Quality management systems are the outcomes of the work done by W. Edwards Deming. Quality as a profession and the management process associated with the quality function, was introduced during the second-half of the 20th century, and has evolved since then.
The quality profession came from simple control, to engineering, to systems engineering. We can notice maximum utilization of quality control activities were predominant in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s. The 1970s showed a leap in quality engineering and the 1990s saw quality systems as an emerging field. Like medicine, accounting, and engineering professions, quality has achieved status as a recognized profession.
“ISO” comes from the Greek word isos, which means “equal”. The aim of ISO 9000 is to establish an equal definition of quality assurance from company to company, country to country.
ISO 9000 is a series of standards associated with the establishment of an Quality System, as developed and sanctioned through ISO. ISO is the International Organization of Standards. International Organization of Standards would normally be abbreviated as IOS, and there are at least two theories as to why it is called or known as ISO.
Theory 1: One theory is that ISO refers to the two equal sides of an isosceles triangle and International Organization of Standards is uniform and equal throughout the international community.
Theory 2: One story has it that the French instead on the French version of International Organization of Standards which is pronounced in order of “International Standards Organization”, leading to the abbreviation of ISO.
QS 9000: QS 9000 is the name known to the quality system standards of the automotive trade which were developed by Chrysler, Ford, General Motors and major truck manufacturers and issued in late 1994. QS-9000 replaces all quality system requirements such as Ford Q-101, Chrysler’s Supplier Quality Assurance Manual, GM’s NAO Targets for Excellence and the Truck Manufacturer’s quality system manuals.
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